Pneumatics, Compressors, Dryers, Tanks, Pneumatic installations, Air prepration units, Gauges, Pneumatic tubes, Pneumatic valves, Pneumatic cylinders, Pneumatic fittings.
Piston cylinders
Use properties of the Hafner’s production cylinders
All of the Hafner’s cylinders characterises very high toughness in the wide temperature ranges and outer conditions. The are produced with the wide range of stokes and in different material versions, which enalble them to fit to different, also very difficult working conditions.
They are equipped in a built-in magnet, which enables to control the location of the piston by using the ecectronic sensors.
1. Basic information
Pneumatic cylinders are a group of pneumatic elements, which change the compressed air enegry into the mechanical energy (forcefulness or torque) , they belong to the group of the execution elements. The general classificaton of the pneumatic cylinders is given below:

2. Pneumatic cylinders usable power calculation:
Usable power on the poiston rod- calculation:

– Power pressure [bar]
D –nominal diameter (Piston’s) [cm]
d – piston rod’s diameter [cm]
Cylinder’s pushing force F1:
F1=Π x D²/4 x p1 [kG]
Cylinder’s pulling force F2:
F2 = Π x (D²-d²)/4 x p1 [kG]
The pusching force of the cylinder with the one side piston rod is bigger, than the pulling force
Usable power on the poiston rod- calculation: double acting two side piston rod

p1 – Power pressure [bar]
D –nominal diameter (Piston’s) [cm]
d – piston rod’s diameter [cm]
The pusching force and the pulling force of the pneumatic cylinder are equal, and counted according to :
F1(F²)=Π x (D²-d²)/4 x p1 [kG]
3. The table of the theoretical force action of the pneumatic cylinders depending on the diameter and pressure
Theoretical pusching force [daN] [kG] | ||||||||
Cylinder’s diameter | Air pressure [MPa] | |||||||
0,3 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 0,7 | 0,8 | 0,9 | 1,0 | |
D12 | 3,39 | 4,52 | 5,65 | 6,79 | 7,92 | 9,05 | 10,18 | 11,31 |
D16 | 6,03 | 8,04 | 10,05 | 12,06 | 14,07 | 16,09 | 18,10 | 20,11 |
D20 | 9,42 | 12,56 | 15,70 | 18,85 | 21,99 | 25,13 | 28,27 | 31,42 |
D25 | 14,72 | 19,63 | 24,54 | 29,42 | 34,36 | 39,27 | 44,17 | 49,09 |
D32 | 24,12 | 32,17 | 40,21 | 48,25 | 56,29 | 64,34 | 72,38 | 80,42 |
D40 | 37,7 | 50,2 | 62,8 | 75,4 | 88,0 | 100,5 | 113,0 | 125,7 |
D50 | 59,0 | 78,5 | 98,0 | 117 | 137 | 157 | 176 | 196 |
D63 | 93,5 | 124 | 155 | 187 | 218 | 249 | 280 | 311 |
D80 | 150 | 201 | 251 | 301 | 351 | 402 | 452 | 502 |
D100 | 235 | 314 | 392 | 471 | 549 | 628 | 706 | 785 |
D125 | 368 | 490 | 613 | 736 | 859 | 981 | 1104 | 1227 |
D160 | 603 | 804 | 1005 | 1206 | 1407 | 1608 | 1810 | 2011 |
D200 | 942 | 1257 | 1571 | 1885 | 2199 | 2513 | 2827 | 3142 |
D250 | 1473 | 1963 | 2454 | 2945 | 3436 | 3927 | 4418 | 4909 |
D320 | 2492 | 3322 | 4153 | 4984 | 5814 | 6645 | 7476 | 8306 |
4. The table of air consumption at full duty cycle of pneumatic cylinders:
The air consumption in the normalized cylinders according to ISO/VDMA given in nominal liters while the power pressure is 6 bar and the stroke 10 mm.
Piston’s diameter [mm] |
Piston rod’s working motion [NI] |
Piston rod’s return motion [NI] |
8 | 0,0033 | 0,0026 |
10 | 0,0055 | 0,0046 |
12 | 0,008 | 0,006 |
16 | 0,014 | 0,012 |
20 | 0,022 | 0,018 |
25 | 0,034 | 0,029 |
32 | 0,060 | 0,051 |
40 | 0,088 | 0,074 |
50 | 0,140 | 0,115 |
63 | 0,221 | 0,200 |
80 | 0,352 | 0,317 |
100 | 0,550 | 0,515 |
125 | 0,859 | 0,803 |
160 | 1,410 | 1,319 |
200 | 2,210 | 2,111 |
250 | 3,436 | 3,299 |
320 | 5,620 | 5,412 |
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